Cross-chain refers to the ability for assets, data, or messages to move or be recognized across different blockchains, allowing ecosystems that normally operate in isolation to interact and share liquidity.

There are several main ways this interoperability can happen:

• Bridges: protocols that lock an asset on one chain and issue a wrapped version on another.

• Multi-deployed tokens: tokens that are natively deployed on multiple blockchains as separate smart contracts coordinated by the issuer.

• Omnichain tokens: tokens that maintain a single, unified supply across chains, using secure cross-chain messaging to burn and mint assets as they move.